SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                            WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                  FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
    EXCHANGE

                  For the quarterly period ended June 30, 1997

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
    EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

    For the transition period from _______________ to ________________.

                      Commission File Number: 0 - 21810

                           AMERIGON INCORPORATED
             ------------------------------------------------------
             (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

         California                                95-4318554
- --------------------------------       ------------------------------------
 State or other jurisdiction of        (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 incorporation or organization)

5462 Irwindale Avenue, Irwindale, California           91706
- --------------------------------------------        -------------
(Address of principal executive offices)             (Zip Code)

    Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (626) 815-7400


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  X  No 
                                                ---    ---

At August 4, 1997 the registrant had 12,542,500 shares of Class A Common
Stock, no par value; no shares of Class B Common Stock, no par value; and no
shares Preferred Stock, no par value, issued and outstanding.


                                    (1)


                           AMERIGON INCORPORATED

                             TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Condensed Financial Statements Condensed Balance Sheet 3 Condensed Statement of Operations 4 Condensed Statement of Cash Flows 5 Notes to Condensed Financial Statements 6 Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 8 Part II. OTHER INFORMATION 13 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K Signature 15
(2) PART I. ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AMERIGON INCORPORATED (A Development Stage Enterprise) CONDENSED BALANCE SHEET (In thousands, except share data)
December 31, June 30, 1996 1997 ------------ ----------- (unaudited) ASSETS Current Assets: Cash & cash equivalents $ 203 $ 9,181 Short term investments - 1,321 Accounts receivable less allowance of $80 1,188 662 Unbilled revenue 1,157 200 Inventory, primarily raw materials 20 20 Prepaid expenses and other assets 744 317 -------- -------- Total current assets 3,312 11,701 Property and equipment, net 610 528 -------- -------- Total Assets $ 3,922 $ 12,229 -------- -------- -------- -------- LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current Liabilities: Accounts payable $ 1,567 $ 366 Deferred revenue 154 159 Accrued liabilities 519 1,138 Note payable to shareholder 200 - Bridge Notes and debentures payable 3,000 - Bank loan payable 1,187 - -------- -------- Total current liabilities 6,627 1,663 -------- -------- Long-term portion of capital lease 43 34 -------- -------- Shareholders' Equity: Preferred stock, no par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding Common stock; Class A - no par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized, 9,542,000 and 4,069,000 issued and outstanding at June 30, 1997 and December 31, 1996, respectively (An additional 3,000,000 shares held in escrow) 17,321 28,148 Class B - no par value; 3,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding Class A Warrants - 6,767 Contributed capital 3,115 3,115 Deficit accumulated during development stage (23,184) (27,498) -------- -------- Total shareholders' equity (deficit) (2,748) 10,532 -------- -------- Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 3,922 $ 12,229 -------- -------- -------- --------
(3) AMERIGON INCORPORATED (A Development Stage Enterprise) CONDENSED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share data)
From April 23, 1991 Three Months Six Months (inception) Ended June 30, Ended June 30, to June 30, 1996 1997 1996 1997 1997 ------------------ ------------------ -------------- (unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited) Revenues: Development contracts and related grants $1,560 $ 350 $4,614 $ 734 $16,663 Grants - - - 12 6,168 ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Total Revenue 1,560 350 4,614 746 22,831 ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Costs and Expenses: Direct development contract and related grant costs 4,804 1,020 7,575 1,889 20,207 Direct grant costs - - - 28 4,760 Research and development 615 456 999 712 9,499 Selling, general and administrative, including reimbursable expenses 705 1,395 1,260 2,189 15,976 ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Total Costs and Expenses 6,124 2,871 9,834 4,818 50,442 ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Operating Loss (4,564) (2,521) (5,220) (4,072) (27,611) Interest income 5 148 41 215 781 Interest expense - - - (117) (328) ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Loss before extraordinary item ($4,559) ($2,373) ($5,179) ($3,974) ($27,158) Extraordinary loss from extinguishment of indebtedness - - - (340) (340) ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Net loss ($4,559) ($2,373) ($5,179) ($4,314) ($27,498) ------------------ ------------------ -------------- ------------------ ------------------ -------------- Loss per share before extraordinary item ($1.12) ($0.25) ($1.28) ($0.50) ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Net loss per share ($1.12) ($0.25) ($1.28) ($0.54) ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Weighted average number of shares outstanding 4,063 9,543 4,056 8,024 ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ------------------
See accompanying notes to the condensed financial statements (4) AMERIGON INCORPORATED (A Development Stage Enterprise) CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW (In thousands)
From April 23, 1991 Six Months (inception) to Ended June 30, June 30 1996 1997 1997 --------------------- ----------- (unaudited) (unaudited) Operating Activities: Net loss ($5,179) (4,314) ($27,498) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 166 195 1,107 Provision for doubtful accounts - - 190 Stock option compensation - - 712 Contributed capital-founders' services without cash compensation - - 300 Change in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable (1,941) 526 (852) Unbilled revenue (1,234) 957 (200) Inventory 102 - (20) Deferred Contract Costs (700) - - Prepaid expenses and other assets 215 427 (317) Accounts payable (251) (1,201) 366 Deferred revenue 67 5 159 Accrued liabilities 89 619 1,138 Accrued excess contract costs 1,355 - - --------------------- ----------- Net cash used in operating activities (7,311) (2,786) (24,915) --------------------- ----------- Investing Activities: Purchase of property and equipment (173) (113) (1,557) Short term investments - (1,321) (1,321) --------------------- ----------- Net cash used in investing activities (173) (1,434) (2,878) --------------------- ----------- Financing Activities: Proceeds (expenses) from sales of common stock and warrants, net 51 17,444 34,621 Proceeds from exercise of stock options - - 160 Repurchase of common stock - - (15) Borrowing under line of credit 3,400 - 6,280 Repayment of line of credit (241) (1,187) (6,280) Repayment of capital lease (8) (9) (44) Proceeds from Bridge Financing - - 3,000 Repayment of Bridge Financing - (2,850) (2,850) Proceeds of notes payable to shareholder - 250 450 Repayment of notes payable to shareholder - (450) (450) Notes payable to shareholders contributed to Capital - 2,102 --------------------- ----------- Net cash provided by financing activities 3,202 13,198 36,974 --------------------- ----------- Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (4,282) 8,978 9,181 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 4,486 203 - --------------------- ----------- Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $204 $9,181 $9,181 --------------------- ----------- --------------------- ----------- Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: Cash paid for: Interest - $120 $278 --------------------- ----------- --------------------- ----------- Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Transaction: Conversion of Bridge Debentures into warrants - $150 $150 --------------------- ----------- --------------------- -----------
See accompanying notes to the condensed financial statements (5) AMERIGON INCORPORATED (A Development Stage Enterprise) NOTES TO UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1 - THE COMPANY: Amerigon Incorporated (the "Company") is a development stage enterprise, which was incorporated in California on April 23, 1991 primarily to develop, manufacture and market proprietary, high technology automotive components and systems for gasoline-powered and electric vehicles. NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF CERTAIN ACCOUNTING POLICIES: The accompanying condensed balance sheet as of June 30, 1997 and the condensed statements of operations and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 1997 and for the period from April 23, 1991 (inception) to June 30, 1997 have been prepared by the Company without audit. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the six month period ended June 30, 1997 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted. These condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT REVENUES AND RELATED GRANTS. The Company has entered into a number of fixed price contracts under which revenue is recognized using the percentage of completion method, or in the case of short duration contracts, when the prototype or services are delivered. Development contract revenues earned are recorded on the balance sheet as Unbilled Revenue until billed. The Company has received government grants, which parallel one of its development contracts. These grants are included in development contract and related grant revenues. GRANT REVENUES. Revenue from government agency grants and other sources pursuant to cost-sharing arrangements is recognized when reimbursable costs have been incurred. Grant revenues earned are recorded on the balance sheet as Unbilled Revenue until billed. (6) NOTE 3 - NET LOSS PER SHARE: The Company's net loss per share calculations are based upon the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Excluded from this calculation are the 3,000,000 Escrowed Contingent Shares. Common stock equivalents (stock options and stock warrants) are anti-dilutive in both periods and are excluded from the net loss per share calculation. (7) PART 1 ITEM 2 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS RESULTS OF OPERATIONS SECOND QUARTER 1997 COMPARED WITH SECOND QUARTER 1996 REVENUES. Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 1997 ("Second Quarter 1997") were $350,000 as compared with revenues of $1,560,000 in the three months ended June 30, 1996 ("Second Quarter 1996"). Approximately $150,000 of Second Quarter 1997 revenue related to a single electric vehicle development contract and related grants, which was a decrease of approximately $1,010,000 compared to the corresponding amount attributable to such contract and grants in Second Quarter 1996. The decrease in development contract and related grant revenues was due principally to the fact that the Company had completed its major electric vehicle development contract with Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. and did not obtain any comparable replacement development contracts during the Second Quarter 1997. No replacement for the Samsung contract is currently scheduled to follow or expected to be obtained. All other development contract revenue (relating to the Company's climate controlled seats, radar, and IVS-TM- interactive voice system products) decreased to $200,000 in Second Quarter 1997, a decrease of $200,000, or approximately 50%, from the $400,000 in such revenue recorded for Second Quarter 1996. The decrease in Second Quarter 1997 principally reflects that the Company did not receive any replacement orders for its IVS-TM- products. As of June 30, 1997, the Company had only minor development contracts in place, under which a total of not more than approximately $159,000 potentially remains to be earned by the Company (although no assurance can be given that all or any portion of such amount will ultimately be earned or received). The Company does not intend to pursue any additional significant grants or development contracts. In July 1997, the Company entered into a definitive joint venture agreement with Yazaki Corporation, a Japanese company, pursuant to which IVS, Inc., a newly formed joint venture company incorporated in California, is to develop and market IVS-TM- products in the automotive aftermarket. Under the terms of the joint venture agreement, the Company assigned to IVS, Inc. all of its assets relating to IVS-TM-, including transferable licenses, designs and know-how, as well as certain equipment and IVS-TM- inventory. Yazaki acquired a majority interest in IVS, Inc., with the Company retaining a minority interest in such joint venture. The joint venture agreement contemplates that Yazaki will provide the capital necessary to fund IVS, Inc.'s business strategy. Other than its minority equity interest in IVS, Inc. (which will be accounted for under the equity method), the Company has no further continuing interest in the IVS-TM-technology or products. (8) The Company intends to focus its efforts on developing its core products and technologies (the climate controlled seats and radar based sensing devices), developing the manufacturing capability for such products and bringing them to market as rapidly as possible. Because of the current development focus, the transfer of the IVS-TM- technology and products to IVS, Inc. and the decision not to pursue actively any more significant grants or development contracts, the Company expects that revenues for the foreseeable future will be significantly less than in prior periods. DIRECT DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT AND RELATED GRANT COSTS. Direct development contract and related grant costs decreased to $1,020,000 in the Second Quarter 1997 compared to $4,804,000 in the Second Quarter 1996 primarily due to the decreased activity in the Company's electric vehicle program. Included in these costs are costs related to commercial sales of IVS-TM- products totaling $5,000 in Second Quarter 1997 and $241,000 in Second Quarter 1996. Due to the divestiture of the IVS-TM- product line and the absence of material development contracts, these expenses will be significantly lower in future periods. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES. Research and development expenses decreased to $456,000 in Second Quarter 1997 from $615,000 in Second Quarter 1996. The decrease in Second Quarter 1997 was due to lower levels of research and development activity on the Company's climate controlled seat and radar sensor systems. Also, during the Second Quarter 1997, higher level of expenditures on the climate controlled seat was funded by customers; these expenses are classified as direct development contract or direct grant costs. The Company's research and development expenses fluctuate significantly from period to period, due to both changing levels of activity and changes in the amount of such activities that are covered by customer contracts or grants. Where possible, the Company seeks funding from third parties for its research and development activities. As the Company begins to focus on the development of its core products, these expenses can be expected to increase in future periods. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased to $1,395,000 in Second Quarter 1997 compared to $705,000 in Second Quarter 1996. The increase in Second Quarter 1997 was due to the fact that fewer SG&A expenses were allocated to development contracts. The Company also incurred cost of approximately $386,000 related to the IVS-TM- and electric vehicle ("REVA") joint venture. Direct and indirect overhead expenses included in SG&A that are associated with development contracts are allocated to such contracts. As the Company has not obtained and is not actively pursuing any replacement development contracts, the Company anticipates that SG&A expenses may continue to increase in 1997. The Company also expects SG&A expenses to increase as it hires additional employees in connection with the development of radar products and the development, marketing and manufacturing of climate controlled seats. SIX MONTHS 1997 COMPARED WITH SIX MONTHS 1996 REVENUES. Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 1997 ("1997") were $746,000 as compared with revenues of $4,614,000 in the six months ended June 30, 1996 ("1996"). Approximately $233,000 of 1997 revenue relates to a major development contract and related (9) grants associated with the Company's electric vehicle program, which represents a decrease of approximately $2,177,000 for the same period in 1996. The decrease in development contract and related grant revenues was due principally to the fact that the Company had completed its major electric vehicle development contract with Samsung Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. in 1996 and did not obtain any comparable replacement development contracts during 1997. All other development contract revenue (relating to the Company's climate controlled seats, radar, and IVS-TM- products) decreased to $501,000 in 1997, a decrease of $189,000, or approximately 27.4%, from the $690,000 in such revenue recorded for 1996. The decrease in 1997 principally reflects the lack of commercial sales of IVS-TM- products. Grant Revenues from activities not related to development contracts totaled $12,000 in 1997. There were no grant activities in 1996 related to the Company's other products. The Company does not obtain grants on a regular basis, and those grants that are obtained vary as to amount and as to the nature and duration of the work (and type of product) covered. As of June 30, 1997, no more than approximately $329,000 remained to be earned under existing grants (although no assurance can be given that all or any portion will ultimately be earned or received). The Company has previously announced its intention to reduce its efforts to obtain new grants and to focus on working toward production contracts for climate controlled seats and radar sensor systems. DIRECT DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT AND RELATED GRANT COSTS. Direct development contract and related grant costs decreased to $1,889,000 in 1997 compared to $7,575,000 in 1996. Direct development contract and related grant costs decreased significantly in 1997 relative to 1996 due to the decreased activity in the Company's electric vehicle program, as discussed above. Included in these costs are costs related to commercial sales of IVS-TM- products totaling $10,000 in 1997 and $448,000 in 1996. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES. Research and development expenses decreased to $712,000 in 1997 from $999,000 in 1996 for the same reasons given for the quarter. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased to $2,189,000 in 1997 compared to $1,260,000 in 1996. Direct and indirect overhead expenses included in SG&A which are associated with development contracts are allocated to such contracts. As a result of the decreased activity as discussed under "Revenues," fewer of such expenses were allocated to development contracts in 1997. INTEREST EXPENSE. The interest expense in 1997 was related to the bank line of credit obtained to finance work on the Samsung electric vehicle contract, the 1996 Bridge Financing, and loans from the Company's Chief Executive Officer and principal shareholder. There were no such loans in 1996. Interest income increased to $215,000 in 1997 from $41,000 in 1996 due to an increase in cash related to the 1997 Public Offering. Net interest income in 1997 was $98,000 compared with $41,000 in 1996. (10) EXTRAORDINAY ITEM. Extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt was $340,000 in 1997. These expenses were related to the elimination of the remaining unamortized portion of the deferred 1996 Bridge Financing costs. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES At June 30, 1997, the Company had working capital of $10,038,000. The Company's principal sources of operating capital have been the proceeds of its various financing transactions and, to a lesser extent, revenues from grants, development contracts and sale of prototypes to customers. Cash and cash equivalents increased by $9,181,000 in 1997 due to the sale of securities in a public offering in February 1997 (the "1997 Public Offering"). Operating activities used $2,786,000, which was primarily a result of the operating loss of $4,314,000 somewhat offset by reductions in unbilled revenues of $957,000 (related to billings under the electric vehicle program), reductions in accounts receivable of $526,000, and in prepaid expenses and other assets of $427,000, together with increases in deferred revenue and accrued liabilities of $624,000. These increases in working capital were offset by a decrease in accounts payable of $1,201,000. Investing activities used $1,434,000, of which $113,000 was related to the purchase of property and equipment and $1,321,000 was related to the purchase of Treasury Bills. Financing activities provided $13,198,000 of which approximately $17,444,000 was from the 1997 Public Offering. $1,187,000 was used for the repayment of the bank line of credit, $2,850,000 was used for repayment of the 1996 Bridge Financing, and $450,000 was used for repayment of loans from the Company's Chief Executive Officer and principal shareholder. The Company expects to incur losses for the foreseeable future due to the continuing cost of its product development and marketing activities. To fund its operations, the Company will use current cash and investments, but will need additional cash from financing sources before the Company can achieve profitability from its operations. There can be no assurance that profitability can be achieved in the future. The Company's focus is to work to bring products to market and achieve revenues based upon its available resources. In the case of products for which the Company does not have sufficient resources to bring to market, the Company will continue its program to divest itself of such assets or businesses. As such, as has been previously mentioned, the Company has completed a definitive joint venture agreement with Yazaki Corporation for the IVS-TM- business and is now striving to accomplish a similar strategic venture with the Company's electric vehicle program. The Company believes these actions will better enable the Company to pursue the development and market introduction of its climate controlled seats and radar based sensor device, both for the automotive marketplace. If and when the Company is able to commence commercial production of its heated and cooled seat or radar products, the Company will incur significant expenses for tooling product parts and to set up manufacturing and/or assembly processes. The Company also expects to require significant capital to fund other near-term production engineering and manufacturing, as well as research and development and marketing, of these products. The Company does not intend to pursue any more significant grants or development contracts to fund (11) operations and therefore is highly dependent on its current working capital sources. Should the Company not achieve profitability in the near future from the two above mentioned products, additional equity and/or debt financing would be required. There can be no assurance that either of these sources would be available in the future. Over the long-term, the Company expects to continue to expend substantial funds to continue its development efforts. The Company has experienced negative cash flow from operating activities since its inception and has not generated, and does not expect to generate in the foreseeable future, sufficient revenues from the sales of its principal products to cover its operating expenses or to finance such further development, manufacturing or marketing efforts. Accordingly, the Company expects that significant additional financing will be necessary to fund the Company's long-term operations. Certain matters discussed or referenced in this report, including the Company's intention to develop, manufacture and market climate controlled seats and radar products and the Company's expectation of reduced revenues and continuing losses for the foreseeable future, are forward looking statements. Other forward looking statements may be identified by the use of forward looking terminology such as "may", "will", "expect", "believe", "estimate", "anticipate", "continue", or similar terms, variations of such terms or the negative of such terms. Such statements are based upon management's current expectations and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include the market demand for and performance of the Company's products, the Company's ability to develop, market and manufacture such products successfully, the viability and protection of the Company's patents and other proprietary rights, and the Company's ability to obtain new sources of financing. Additional risks associated with the Company and its business and prospects are described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996. (12) PART II OTHER INFORMATION ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS. The Annual Meeting of Shareholders was held on June 16, 1997. The following summarizes each matter voted upon at the meeting and the voting results for each such matter. As to the election of directors, the number of votes cast as to each nominee was as follows: For Withheld ---------- -------- Lon E. Bell 10,886,717 99,175 Roy A. Anderson 10,886,717 99,175 John W. Clark 10,886,717 99,175 A. Stephens Hutchcraft, Jr. 10,886,717 99,175 Michael R. Peevey 10,886,717 99,175 Richard A. Weisbart 10,886,717 99,175 As to the proposal to approve the Amerigon Incorporated 1997 Stock Incentive Plan: Number of votes cast in favor of the proposal 10,270,093 Number of votes cast against the proposal 367,592 Number of votes abstaining 213,900 Number of broker non-votes 134,307 As to the proposal to grant to six of the Company's directors of options to purchase an aggregate of 220,000 shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock: Number of votes cast in favor of the proposal 10,214,086 Number of votes cast against the proposal 421,732 Number of votes abstaining 226,930 Number of broker non-votes 123,144 (13) ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. (a) Exhibits 27.1 Financial Data Schedule (b) Reports on Form 8-K The Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 28, 1997 reporting information under Item 5 and filing Condensed Balance Sheets of the Company as of March 31, 1997 (unaudited) and December 31, 1996 and Condensed Statements of Operations (unaudited) of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 1997. The Company also filed a Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 16, 1997, reporting information under Item 5 and filing the Company's Amended and Restated Bylaws. (14) SIGNATURE Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. AMERIGON INCORPORATED --------------------- Registrant Date: August 11, 1997 By /s/ Scott O. Davis -------------------------- Scott O. Davis Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer (15)
 


5 1,000 6-MOS DEC-31-1997 JAN-01-1997 JUN-30-1997 9,181 1,321 742 80 20 11,701 1,635 1,107 12,229 1,663 34 0 0 28,148 (17,616) 12,229 0 350 0 2,871 0 0 (148) (2,373) 0 (2,373) 0 0 0 (2,373) (0.25) 0